[ { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D000038", "label": "Abscess" }, "indicationAsWritten": "foul and imposthumed ears", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|cold|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r05" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D000038", "label": "Abscess" }, "indicationAsWritten": "foul and imposthumed ears", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|unknown|cold|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r06" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D003085", "label": "Colic" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the stinging and biting of Serpents, and helps them that have foul, troubled, or bloody waters, and makes them piss cleer spedily; It also helpeth the Chollick, clenseth the Breast, and rids away the Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D003085", "label": "Colic" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the stinging and biting of Serpents, and helps them that have foul, troubled, or bloody waters, and makes them piss cleer spedily; It also helpeth the Chollick, clenseth the Breast, and rids away the Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D003288", "label": "Contusions" }, "indicationAsWritten": "openeth and clenseth the Liver, helpeth the Jaundice, and is very beneficial to the Bowels, healing all inward Wounds, Bruises, Hurts, and other distempers", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:005#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D003371", "label": "Cough" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the stinging and biting of Serpents, and helps them that have foul, troubled, or bloody waters, and makes them piss cleer spedily; It also helpeth the Chollick, clenseth the Breast, and rids away the Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D003371", "label": "Cough" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the stinging and biting of Serpents, and helps them that have foul, troubled, or bloody waters, and makes them piss cleer spedily; It also helpeth the Chollick, clenseth the Breast, and rids away the Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D004231", "label": "Diuresis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the stinging and biting of Serpents, and helps them that have foul, troubled, or bloody waters, and makes them piss cleer spedily; It also helpeth the Chollick, clenseth the Breast, and rids away the Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D004403", "label": "Dysentery" }, "indicationAsWritten": "Stayeth the Bloody Flu", "historicalPreparation": "other|unknown|wine|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r03", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r02" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "40721115", "doi": "10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106742", "title": "Exploring the effects of the anti-diarrheal formula on intestinal oxidative stress based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and microbiomics.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "other", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "match", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "38139137", "doi": "10.3390/ijms242417309", "title": "Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Alphitolic Acid Isolated from Agrimonia coreana Nakai Extracts Are Mediated via the Inhibition of ICRAC Activity in T Cells.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "70% ethanol", "ethanolFraction": 0.7, "heat": "unknown", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "Cells.\n\n2.1. Preparation of A. coreana Extracts and Isolation of Active Fractions We prepared A. coreana extracts using 70% ethanol (EtOH) and 95% EtOH extracts (AC 70ext and AC 95ext , respectively) from the collected A. coreana samples to determine " }, { "pmid": "38139137", "doi": "10.3390/ijms242417309", "title": "Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Alphitolic Acid Isolated from Agrimonia coreana Nakai Extracts Are Mediated via the Inhibition of ICRAC Activity in T Cells.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "ethanol", "solventText": "95% ethanol", "ethanolFraction": 0.95, "heat": "cold", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "the two extracts were 10.85% and 4.25%, respectively, with AC 70ext showing a higher yield than AC 95ext . Importantly, 95% ethanol and 70% ethanol have different polarities; hence, the carbohydrates, the flavonoid glucuronide (or glycoside), and tann" }, { "pmid": "38139137", "doi": "10.3390/ijms242417309", "title": "Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Alphitolic Acid Isolated from Agrimonia coreana Nakai Extracts Are Mediated via the Inhibition of ICRAC Activity in T Cells.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "hexane", "solventText": "hexane", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "ct with AC 70ext (81.27 ± 3.880%) than with AC 95ext (73.23 ± 8.790%; Figure 1 a,b). This extract was separated into n -hexane (HEX), chloroform (CHCl 3 ), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), butanol (BuOH), and water fractions. Figure 1 Column fractions for " }, { "pmid": "38139137", "doi": "10.3390/ijms242417309", "title": "Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Alphitolic Acid Isolated from Agrimonia coreana Nakai Extracts Are Mediated via the Inhibition of ICRAC Activity in T Cells.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "chloroform", "solventText": "chloroform", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "xt (81.27 ± 3.880%) than with AC 95ext (73.23 ± 8.790%; Figure 1 a,b). This extract was separated into n -hexane (HEX), chloroform (CHCl 3 ), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), butanol (BuOH), and water fractions. Figure 1 Column fractions for evaluating the I C" }, { "pmid": "38139137", "doi": "10.3390/ijms242417309", "title": "Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Alphitolic Acid Isolated from Agrimonia coreana Nakai Extracts Are Mediated via the Inhibition of ICRAC Activity in T Cells.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "ethyl_acetate", "solventText": "ethyl acetate", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "an with AC 95ext (73.23 ± 8.790%; Figure 1 a,b). This extract was separated into n -hexane (HEX), chloroform (CHCl 3 ), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), butanol (BuOH), and water fractions. Figure 1 Column fractions for evaluating the I CRAC inhibition effects, a" } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D004427", "label": "Ear Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "foul and imposthu⟦?⟧ned Ears", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|cold|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r05", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r05" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D004427", "label": "Ear Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "foul and imposthu⟦?⟧ned Ears", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|unknown|cold|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r06", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r06" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D005334", "label": "Fever" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Tertian or Quartan Agues", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r02" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D005334", "label": "Fever" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Tertian or Quartan Agues", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D006073", "label": "Gout" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Gout", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|oil|unknown|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:010#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:004#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D006073", "label": "Gout" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Gout", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:010#r01", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:004#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D006073", "label": "Gout" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Gout", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:010#r02", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:004#r02" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D007565", "label": "Jaundice" }, "indicationAsWritten": "openeth and clenseth the Liver, helpeth the Jaundice, and is very beneficial to the Bowels, healing all inward Wounds, Bruises, Hurts, and other distempers", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:005#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D008107", "label": "Liver Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "openeth and clenseth the Liver, helpeth the Jaundice, and is very beneficial to the Bowels, healing all inward Wounds, Bruises, Hurts, and other distempers", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r00", "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:011#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:005#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:008#r00" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "22525864", "doi": "10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.005", "title": "Agrimonia eupatoria protects against chronic ethanol-induced liver injury in rats.", "year": 2012, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "water extract", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "16041735", "doi": "10.1002/ptr.1689", "title": "Inhibition of hepatitis B virus by an aqueous extract of Agrimonia eupatoria L.", "year": 2005, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "aqueous extract", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "warm", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "29486131", "doi": "10.1089/jmf.2017.4054", "title": "Agrimonia eupatoria L. (Agrimony) Extract Alters Liver Health in Subjects with Elevated Alanine Transaminase Levels: A Controlled, Randomized, and Double-Blind Trial.", "year": 2018, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "aqueous extract", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 3 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D012883", "label": "Skin Ulcer" }, "indicationAsWritten": "it helpeth old sores, Cancers, and inveterate Ulcers; and draweth forth Thorns, Splinters of Wood, Nails, or any other such thing gotten into the Flesh; it helpeth to strengthen the Members that be out of joynt", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|other|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r04", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r03" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D012909", "label": "Snake Bites" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the stinging and biting of Serpents, and helps them that have foul, troubled, or bloody waters, and makes them piss cleer spedily; It also helpeth the Chollick, clenseth the Breast, and rids away the Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r01", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:005#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D014555", "label": "Urination Disorders" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the stinging and biting of Serpents, and helps them that have foul, troubled, or bloody waters, and makes them piss cleer spedily; It also helpeth the Chollick, clenseth the Breast, and rids away the Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r01", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:005#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "openeth and clenseth the Liver, helpeth the Jaundice, and is very beneficial to the Bowels, healing all inward Wounds, Bruises, Hurts, and other distempers", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:005#r00" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "36375535", "doi": "10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108424", "title": "Essential oils of four wild plants inhibit the blood seeking behaviour of female Aedes aegytpi.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "other", "solventText": "Essential oils", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "fresh", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0001006654", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "openeth and clenseth the Liver, helpeth the Jaundice, and is very beneficial to the Bowels, healing all inward Wounds, Bruises, Hurts, and other distempers", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|other|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:agrimony:008#r04", "culpeper-1850:herbal:agrimony:006#r03" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "36375535", "doi": "10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108424", "title": "Essential oils of four wild plants inhibit the blood seeking behaviour of female Aedes aegytpi.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "other", "solventText": "Essential oils", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "fresh", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D000019", "label": "Abortifacient Agents" }, "indicationAsWritten": "promotes abortion", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:001#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D001733", "label": "Bites and Stings" }, "indicationAsWritten": "all diseases of the brain, proceeding of cold and phlegmatic humours and distillations, as also for the falling sickness. It is a special remedy for the poison of the aconites, and other poisonous herbs, as also against the stinging of any venomous creature. It is a good remedy for a cold cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D003085", "label": "Colic" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, and for griping pains in the Joynts, Belly, or inward parts; It helpeth also all Diseases of the Brain proceeding of cold and Flegmatick Humors and Distillations, as also for the Falling-sickness. It is an espcial Remedy for the Poyson of the Aconites of all sorts, and other poisonful Herbs, as also against the stinking of any Venemous Creature. It is a good Remedy for a cold Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D003248", "label": "Constipation" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the stranguary, or any inward pains arising from the diseases of the reins and urine, and is especially good for all obstructions of the liver and spleen, and gently opens the body", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D003371", "label": "Cough" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, and for griping pains in the Joynts, Belly, or inward parts; It helpeth also all Diseases of the Brain proceeding of cold and Flegmatick Humors and Distillations, as also for the Falling-sickness. It is an espcial Remedy for the Poyson of the Aconites of all sorts, and other poisonful Herbs, as also against the stinking of any Venemous Creature. It is a good Remedy for a cold Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r07", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D003371", "label": "Cough" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, and for griping pains in the Joynts, Belly, or inward parts; It helpeth also all Diseases of the Brain proceeding of cold and Flegmatick Humors and Distillations, as also for the Falling-sickness. It is an espcial Remedy for the Poyson of the Aconites of all sorts, and other poisonful Herbs, as also against the stinking of any Venemous Creature. It is a good Remedy for a cold Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r11" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D004827", "label": "Epilepsy" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, and for griping pains in the Joynts, Belly, or inward parts; It helpeth also all Diseases of the Brain proceeding of cold and Flegmatick Humors and Distillations, as also for the Falling-sickness. It is an espcial Remedy for the Poyson of the Aconites of all sorts, and other poisonful Herbs, as also against the stinking of any Venemous Creature. It is a good Remedy for a cold Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r07", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D006073", "label": "Gout" }, "indicationAsWritten": "all pains and Diseases of the Joynts, as Gouts, Cramps, Palseys, Sciatica, and Aches", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r03", "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r04", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r03", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r04" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D007565", "label": "Jaundice" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, and for griping pains in the Joynts, Belly, or inward parts; It helpeth also all Diseases of the Brain proceeding of cold and Flegmatick Humors and Distillations, as also for the Falling-sickness. It is an espcial Remedy for the Poyson of the Aconites of all sorts, and other poisonful Herbs, as also against the stinking of any Venemous Creature. It is a good Remedy for a cold Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D007565", "label": "Jaundice" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, and for griping pains in the Joynts, Belly, or inward parts; It helpeth also all Diseases of the Brain proceeding of cold and Flegmatick Humors and Distillations, as also for the Falling-sickness. It is an espcial Remedy for the Poyson of the Aconites of all sorts, and other poisonful Herbs, as also against the stinking of any Venemous Creature. It is a good Remedy for a cold Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|water|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r04" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D007674", "label": "Kidney Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Strangury or any inward pains arising from the Diseases of the Reins and Urine, and is especial good for all Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and gently openeth the Body", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D007674", "label": "Kidney Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Strangury or any inward pains arising from the Diseases of the Reins and Urine, and is especial good for all Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and gently openeth the Body", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r09" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D007743", "label": "Labor, Obstetric" }, "indicationAsWritten": "all the Diseases of the Mother used inwardly, or applied outwardly, procuring Womens Courses, and expelling the dead Child and afterbirth", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r02", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r02" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D007743", "label": "Labor, Obstetric" }, "indicationAsWritten": "all the Diseases of the Mother used inwardly, or applied outwardly, procuring Womens Courses, and expelling the dead Child and afterbirth", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|vinegar|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r12" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D008107", "label": "Liver Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Strangury or any inward pains arising from the Diseases of the Reins and Urine, and is especial good for all Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and gently openeth the Body", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D017116", "label": "Low Back Pain" }, "indicationAsWritten": "dispels lumbago, and cures coughs that are not of an inveterate description", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r11" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D008599", "label": "Menstruation Disturbances" }, "indicationAsWritten": "all the Diseases of the Mother used inwardly, or applied outwardly, procuring Womens Courses, and expelling the dead Child and afterbirth", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r02", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r02" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D010243", "label": "Paralysis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "doth the like, which Mathiolus much commendeth against the Palsey", "historicalPreparation": "flower|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r10", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D010243", "label": "Paralysis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "doth the like, which Mathiolus much commendeth against the Palsey", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r03", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r04" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D011041", "label": "Poisoning" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, and for griping pains in the Joynts, Belly, or inward parts; It helpeth also all Diseases of the Brain proceeding of cold and Flegmatick Humors and Distillations, as also for the Falling-sickness. It is an espcial Remedy for the Poyson of the Aconites of all sorts, and other poisonful Herbs, as also against the stinking of any Venemous Creature. It is a good Remedy for a cold Cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r07", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D012585", "label": "Sciatica" }, "indicationAsWritten": "all pains and Diseases of the Joynts, as Gouts, Cramps, Palseys, Sciatica, and Aches", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r03", "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r04", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r03", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r04" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D065008", "label": "Scorpion Stings" }, "indicationAsWritten": "stings inflicted by scorpions", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D012883", "label": "Skin Ulcer" }, "indicationAsWritten": "clenseth putrid, stinking foul and Malignant Ulcers and Sores of all sorts, but healeth and sodereth up the lips of green Wounds in any part also", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|fresh|unknown|cold|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r13", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r13" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D012883", "label": "Skin Ulcer" }, "indicationAsWritten": "clenseth putrid, stinking foul and Malignant Ulcers and Sores of all sorts, but healeth and sodereth up the lips of green Wounds in any part also", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|honey|cold|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r14", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r14" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D012909", "label": "Snake Bites" }, "indicationAsWritten": "wounds inflicted by serpents", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r05" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D013158", "label": "Splenic Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Strangury or any inward pains arising from the Diseases of the Reins and Urine, and is especial good for all Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and gently openeth the Body", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D013546", "label": "Sweating" }, "indicationAsWritten": "acts as a sudorific", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r08" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D014555", "label": "Urination Disorders" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Strangury or any inward pains arising from the Diseases of the Reins and Urine, and is especial good for all Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and gently openeth the Body", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D014555", "label": "Urination Disorders" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Strangury or any inward pains arising from the Diseases of the Reins and Urine, and is especial good for all Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and gently openeth the Body", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|water|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r04" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "clenseth putrid, stinking foul and Malignant Ulcers and Sores of all sorts, but healeth and sodereth up the lips of green Wounds in any part also", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|fresh|unknown|cold|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r13", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r13" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "clenseth putrid, stinking foul and Malignant Ulcers and Sores of all sorts, but healeth and sodereth up the lips of green Wounds in any part also", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|honey|cold|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:008#r14", "culpeper-1850:herbal:ground-pine-or-chamepitys:004#r14" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000933181", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "clenseth putrid, stinking foul and Malignant Ulcers and Sores of all sorts, but healeth and sodereth up the lips of green Wounds in any part also", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b24:c020:002#r05" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000755919", "indication": { "meshId": "D001046", "label": "Aphrodisiacs" }, "indicationAsWritten": "encreaseth Sperm", "historicalPreparation": "seed|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:onions:003#r02", "culpeper-1850:herbal:onions:002#r03" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "35146572", "doi": "10.1007/s00709-022-01741-6", "title": "Cytogenotoxicity of the aqueous extract of Parquetina nigrescens leaf using Allium cepa assay.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "aqueous extract", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "leaf", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "21718779", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2011.06.003", "title": "Documentation and quantitative analysis of the local knowledge on medicinal plants among traditional Siddha healers in Virudhunagar district of Tamil Nadu, India.", "year": 2011, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000755919", "indication": { "meshId": "D002056", "label": "Burns" }, "indicationAsWritten": "either scalding, or burning by fire, water, or Gunpouder", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|unknown|cold|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:onions:003#r09", "culpeper-1850:herbal:onions:002#r10" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "26385226", "doi": "10.1007/s11130-015-0507-4", "title": "Hypocholesterolemic Efficacy of Quercetin Rich Onion Juice in Healthy Mild Hypercholesterolemic Adults: A Pilot Study.", "year": 2015, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "juice", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "match", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "17084993", "doi": "10.1016/j.fitote.2006.07.005", "title": "Contribution to the knowledge of the folk plant medicine in Calabria region (Southern Italy).", "year": 2007, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "32654881", "doi": "10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.06.017", "title": "Protective Effects of Contractubex® on Stricture Formation after Experimental Corrosive Esophageal Burns in Rats.", "year": 2020, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "25448505", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.004", "title": "Ethnomedicinal plants used to treat skin diseases by Tharu community of district Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India.", "year": 2014, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "23647762", "doi": "10.1186/1472-6882-13-97", "title": "Evaluation of the cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of a natural antidepressant, Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort), on vegetal and animal test systems.", "year": 2013, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "leaf", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 4 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000755919", "indication": { "meshId": "D003371", "label": "Cough" }, "indicationAsWritten": "help an inveterate Cough, and expectorate the tough Flegm", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey|warm|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:onions:003#r04", "culpeper-1850:herbal:onions:002#r05" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "37682045", "doi": "10.1080/15287394.2023.2254815", "title": "Phytochemical characterization, isolation, antioxidant and cytogenotoxic activity of leaves of Heliotropium elongatum (Lehm) I.M. Johnst.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "ethanol", "solventText": "ethanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "leaf", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000755919", "indication": { "meshId": "D006373", "label": "Helminthiasis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "kill the Worms in Children", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|water|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:onions:003#r03", "culpeper-1850:herbal:onions:002#r04" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "29248015", "doi": "10.1017/S0022149X17001122", "title": "Plant extracts as a natural treatment against the fish ectoparasite Neobenedenia sp. (Monogenea: Capsalidae).", "year": 2019, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "water-ethanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "10624877", "doi": "10.1016/s0378-8741(99)00089-6", "title": "Traditional antihelmintic, antiparasitic and repellent uses of plants in Central Italy.", "year": 1999, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "16083064", "doi": null, "title": "Effect of Nigella sativa and Allium cepa oils on Trichinella spiralis in experimentally infected rats.", "year": 2005, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "39061083", "doi": "10.1186/s12917-024-04187-5", "title": "Anti-parasitic activity of garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa) extracts against Dactylogyrus spp. (Monogenean) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Hematology, immune response, histopathological investigation, and inflammatory cytokine genes of gills.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "aqueous extract", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "warm", "part": "resin", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "match", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": " sp . and treated with 1/ 10 and 1/ 5 of 96 h LC 50 of GE, respectively.\n\nMethods Preparation of A. sativum and A. cepa aqueous extract The A. sativum and A. cepa were obtained from El-Kanaterl khairia market. The garlic and onion were ground and mixed in" }, { "pmid": "21755238", "doi": "10.1590/s0036-46652011000300007", "title": "Therapeutic effects of Allium sativum and Allium cepa in Schistosoma mansoni experimental infection.", "year": 2011, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "21120531", "doi": "10.1007/s00436-010-2169-3", "title": "Addition of a combination of onion (Allium cepa) and coconut (Cocos nucifera) to food of sheep stops gastrointestinal helminthic infections.", "year": 2011, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 5 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000755919", "indication": { "meshId": "D053609", "label": "Lethargy" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purgeth the Head and helpeth the Lethargy", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|unknown|cold|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:onions:003#r06", "culpeper-1850:herbal:onions:002#r07" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "19407101", "doi": "10.1177/104063870902100321", "title": "Fatal onion (Allium cepa) toxicosis in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).", "year": 2009, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000755919", "indication": { "meshId": "D008599", "label": "Menstruation Disturbances" }, "indicationAsWritten": "provoke appetite, encreas thirst, eas the Belly and Bowels; provoke Womens Courses", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:onions:003#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:onions:002#r01" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "25479156", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.041", "title": "Traditional phytoremedies for the treatment of menstrual disorders in district Udhampur, J&K, India.", "year": 2015, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000755919", "indication": { "meshId": "D010930", "label": "Plague" }, "indicationAsWritten": "a Plague-Sore", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|cold|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:onions:005#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:onions:002#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000755919", "indication": { "meshId": "D012871", "label": "Skin Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "taketh away all Blemishes, Spots, and Marks in the Skin", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|vinegar|cold|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:onions:003#r10", "culpeper-1850:herbal:onions:002#r11" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "12126069", "doi": "10.1111/j.1346-8138.2002.tb00277.x", "title": "Onion juice (Allium cepa L.), a new topical treatment for alopecia areata.", "year": 2002, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "juice", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "match", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "38146392", "doi": "10.1155/2023/7838299", "title": "Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal-Based Antiacne Gel Preparations.", "year": 2023, "solvent": "ethanol", "solventText": "Ethanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "zed) [ 17 , 39 ]. Table 1 Constituents for the formulation of gels. Ingredient Part used Concentration (%) Use/function Ethanolic extract of Allium cepa Bulb 5 Antiscarring, anti-inflammatory A slurry of Aloe vera Large leaves 5 Kills acne-causing b" }, { "pmid": "33461021", "doi": "10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111351", "title": "Novel silver glycinate conjugate with 3D polymeric intermolecular self-assembly architecture; an antiproliferative agent which induces apoptosis on human breast cancer cells.", "year": 2021, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "34829526", "doi": "10.3390/antiox10111655", "title": "Antioxidant Power on Dermal Cells by Textiles Dyed with an Onion (Allium cepa L.) Skin Extract.", "year": 2021, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "aqueous extract", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "warm", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "mismatch", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "part" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "ing with an identical chemical composition. For each dyeing experiment, 1 g of wool was dipped into 80 mL of onion skin aqueous extract (1:80 w / v liquid ratio) previously heated at 40 °C. The temperature was then increased to 95 °C and kept constant for" }, { "pmid": "35001265", "doi": "10.1007/s11356-021-18001-4", "title": "Vegetable wastes as a bio-additive for low-salt preservation of raw goat skin: An attempt to reduce salinity in leather manufacture.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "other", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "19579974", "doi": "10.3923/pjbs.2009.383.387", "title": "Cytological and toxicological properties of a decoction used for managing tumors in Southwestern Nigeria.", "year": 2009, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "decoction", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "mismatch", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "19579974", "doi": "10.3923/pjbs.2009.383.387", "title": "Cytological and toxicological properties of a decoction used for managing tumors in Southwestern Nigeria.", "year": 2009, "solvent": "ethanol", "solventText": "ethanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "mismatch", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "39253845", "doi": "10.1089/adt.2024.031", "title": "Polyherbal Antiacne Gel: In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and Efficacy Evaluation Against Cutibacterium acnes.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "mismatch", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "11302212", "doi": "10.1515/znc-2001-1-208", "title": "Cytotoxic triterpenoids from Erica andevalensis.", "year": 2001, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "16690223", "doi": "10.1016/j.fitote.2006.03.014", "title": "In vitro antifungal activities of Allium cepa, Allium sativum and ketoconazole against some pathogenic yeasts and dermatophytes.", "year": 2006, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "aqueous extracts", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "26625755", "doi": "10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.17.7517", "title": "Effects of Fresh Yellow Onion Consumption on CEA, CA125 and Hepatic Enzymes in Breast Cancer Patients: A Double- Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.", "year": 2015, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "24964949", "doi": "10.15570/actaapa.2014.10", "title": "Elastosis perforans serpiginosa: a case successfully treated with intralesional steroids and topical allium cepa-allantoin-pentaglycan gel.", "year": 2014, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, 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"unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "23317220", "doi": "10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.11.5573", "title": "Inhibitory effects of onion (Allium cepa L.) extract on proliferation of cancer cells and adipocytes via inhibiting fatty acid synthase.", "year": 2012, "solvent": "ethyl_acetate", "solventText": "ethyl acetate", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "40952444", "doi": "10.1007/s12013-025-01899-9", "title": "In-vitro and In-silico Evaluation of Supercritical Extract of Acacia Auriculiformis against Breast Cancer.", "year": 2026, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "bark", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "15567239", "doi": "10.1016/j.fitote.2004.06.009", "title": "Morphological evidences for onion-induced growth inhibition of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.", "year": 2004, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "33472044", "doi": "10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108798", "title": "Organotin derivatives of cholic acid induce apoptosis into breast cancer cells and interfere with mitochondrion; Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation.", "year": 2021, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": 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"freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "19596520", "doi": "10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.06.011", "title": "Lousicidal, ovicidal and repellent efficacy of some essential oils against lice and flies infesting water buffaloes in Egypt.", "year": 2009, "solvent": "other", "solventText": "essential oils", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 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"nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000134589", "indication": { "meshId": "D013158", "label": "Splenic Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "diseases of the spleen", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|vinegar|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b27:c028:003#r08" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000134589", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "an antidote to the poison of hemlock, and to the bite of the shrew-mouse, and is curative of wounds inflicted by the sea-dragon and the scorpion", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b27:c028:003#r12" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000134589", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "an antidote to the poison of hemlock, and to the bite of the shrew-mouse, and is curative of wounds inflicted by the sea-dragon and the scorpion", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b27:c028:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D000038", "label": "Abscess" }, "indicationAsWritten": "a Plague-Sore, and other Boyls and Pushes", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|other|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r17", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r21" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D001249", "label": "Asthma" }, "indicationAsWritten": "al sorts of Coughs or Colds, Wheesing or shortness of Breath, Distillations of thin Rhewm upon the Lungues, which causeth Consumptions", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r07", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r08" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D001733", "label": "Bites and Stings" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the sting or biting or Venemous Serpents or Mad Dogs", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r12", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r14" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D003085", "label": "Colic" }, "indicationAsWritten": "killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obstructions both of the Spleen and Liver, careth Stitches and Pains in the Back, or Sides the Torments and griping pains of the Bowels, and the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r09", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D003248", "label": "Constipation" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purgeth the Belly, helpeth to bring down Womens Courses, and is of especial use for those that are troubled with the falling down of the Mother, and pains therof and causeth an easie and speedy delivery of Women in Childbirth: it helpeth also to break and expel the Stone either in the Bladder or Kidneys", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey+wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r10", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r11" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D003371", "label": "Cough" }, "indicationAsWritten": "al sorts of Coughs or Colds, Wheesing or shortness of Breath, Distillations of thin Rhewm upon the Lungues, which causeth Consumptions", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r07", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r08" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D004415", "label": "Dyspepsia" }, "indicationAsWritten": "those that loath, or cannot digest their Meat, those that have weak Stomachs, or sower belchings, or continual rising in their Stomach", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|other|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r01", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D004415", "label": "Dyspepsia" }, "indicationAsWritten": "those that loath, or cannot digest their Meat, those that have weak Stomachs, or sower belchings, or continual rising in their Stomach", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r02", "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r03", "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r05", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r02", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r03", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r04", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r06" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D004415", "label": "Dyspepsia" }, "indicationAsWritten": "those that loath, or cannot digest their Meat, those that have weak Stomachs, or sower belchings, or continual rising in their Stomach", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|water|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r04", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r05" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D004487", "label": "Edema" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, Falling-sickness, the Palsie, Convulsions or shrinking of the Sinews, the Gout, and those that are inclined to Dropsies, those that have continual Pains in their Head, although it turn to Phrensie", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r06", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D004827", "label": "Epilepsy" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, Falling-sickness, the Palsie, Convulsions or shrinking of the Sinews, the Gout, and those that are inclined to Dropsies, those that have continual Pains in their Head, although it turn to Phrensie", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r06", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D005414", "label": "Flatulence" }, "indicationAsWritten": "killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obstructions both of the Spleen and Liver, careth Stitches and Pains in the Back, or Sides the Torments and griping pains of the Bowels, and the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r09", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D006073", "label": "Gout" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, Falling-sickness, the Palsie, Convulsions or shrinking of the Sinews, the Gout, and those that are inclined to Dropsies, those that have continual Pains in their Head, although it turn to Phrensie", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r06", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D006261", "label": "Headache" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, Falling-sickness, the Palsie, Convulsions or shrinking of the Sinews, the Gout, and those that are inclined to Dropsies, those that have continual Pains in their Head, although it turn to Phrensie", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r06", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D006373", "label": "Helminthiasis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obstructions both of the Spleen and Liver, careth Stitches and Pains in the Back, or Sides the Torments and griping pains of the Bowels, and the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r09", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D006373", "label": "Helminthiasis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obstructions both of the Spleen and Liver, careth Stitches and Pains in the Back, or Sides the Torments and griping pains of the Bowels, and the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r18", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r22" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D006470", "label": "Hemorrhage" }, "indicationAsWritten": "refresh those that are overwearied by travail; it staieth bleedings at the Mouth or Nose, and helpeth those that pise or spit Blood, and those that are Bursten or have a Rupture, and is good for such as are bruised by any fall or otherwise", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey+vinegar|unknown|no", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r13" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D006470", "label": "Hemorrhage" }, "indicationAsWritten": "refresh those that are overwearied by travail; it staieth bleedings at the Mouth or Nose, and helpeth those that pise or spit Blood, and those that are Bursten or have a Rupture, and is good for such as are bruised by any fall or otherwise", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r16" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D006547", "label": "Hernia" }, "indicationAsWritten": "refresh those that are overwearied by travail; it staieth bleedings at the Mouth or Nose, and helpeth those that pise or spit Blood, and those that are Bursten or have a Rupture, and is good for such as are bruised by any fall or otherwise", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey+vinegar|unknown|no", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r13" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D006547", "label": "Hernia" }, "indicationAsWritten": "refresh those that are overwearied by travail; it staieth bleedings at the Mouth or Nose, and helpeth those that pise or spit Blood, and those that are Bursten or have a Rupture, and is good for such as are bruised by any fall or otherwise", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r16" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D007565", "label": "Jaundice" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, Falling-sickness, the Palsie, Convulsions or shrinking of the Sinews, the Gout, and those that are inclined to Dropsies, those that have continual Pains in their Head, although it turn to Phrensie", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r06", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D007674", "label": "Kidney Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purgeth the Belly, helpeth to bring down Womens Courses, and is of especial use for those that are troubled with the falling down of the Mother, and pains therof and causeth an easie and speedy delivery of Women in Childbirth: it helpeth also to break and expel the Stone either in the Bladder or Kidneys", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey+wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D007674", "label": "Kidney Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purgeth the Belly, helpeth to bring down Womens Courses, and is of especial use for those that are troubled with the falling down of the Mother, and pains therof and causeth an easie and speedy delivery of Women in Childbirth: it helpeth also to break and expel the Stone either in the Bladder or Kidneys", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r12" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D007743", "label": "Labor, Obstetric" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purgeth the Belly, helpeth to bring down Womens Courses, and is of especial use for those that are troubled with the falling down of the Mother, and pains therof and causeth an easie and speedy delivery of Women in Childbirth: it helpeth also to break and expel the Stone either in the Bladder or Kidneys", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey+wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r10", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r11" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D008107", "label": "Liver Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obstructions both of the Spleen and Liver, careth Stitches and Pains in the Back, or Sides the Torments and griping pains of the Bowels, and the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r09", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D008107", "label": "Liver Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obstructions both of the Spleen and Liver, careth Stitches and Pains in the Back, or Sides the Torments and griping pains of the Bowels, and the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D017116", "label": "Low Back Pain" }, "indicationAsWritten": "killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obstructions both of the Spleen and Liver, careth Stitches and Pains in the Back, or Sides the Torments and griping pains of the Bowels, and the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r09", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D008171", "label": "Lung Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "al sorts of Coughs or Colds, Wheesing or shortness of Breath, Distillations of thin Rhewm upon the Lungues, which causeth Consumptions", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r07", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r08" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D008599", "label": "Menstruation Disturbances" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purgeth the Belly, helpeth to bring down Womens Courses, and is of especial use for those that are troubled with the falling down of the Mother, and pains therof and causeth an easie and speedy delivery of Women in Childbirth: it helpeth also to break and expel the Stone either in the Bladder or Kidneys", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey+wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r10", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r11" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D010243", "label": "Paralysis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the Jaundice, Falling-sickness, the Palsie, Convulsions or shrinking of the Sinews, the Gout, and those that are inclined to Dropsies, those that have continual Pains in their Head, although it turn to Phrensie", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r06", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D010930", "label": "Plague" }, "indicationAsWritten": "a Plague-Sore, and other Boyls and Pushes", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|other|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r17", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r21" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D012883", "label": "Skin Ulcer" }, "indicationAsWritten": "old Sores, or filthy Ulcers, yea, though they be Fistulaus and hollow", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r16", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r19" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D012883", "label": "Skin Ulcer" }, "indicationAsWritten": "old Sores, or filthy Ulcers, yea, though they be Fistulaus and hollow", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|other|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r17", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r21" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D012883", "label": "Skin Ulcer" }, "indicationAsWritten": "old Sores, or filthy Ulcers, yea, though they be Fistulaus and hollow", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r18", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r22" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D012909", "label": "Snake Bites" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the sting or biting or Venemous Serpents or Mad Dogs", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r12", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r14" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D013158", "label": "Splenic Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obstructions both of the Spleen and Liver, careth Stitches and Pains in the Back, or Sides the Torments and griping pains of the Bowels, and the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r09", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D014098", "label": "Toothache" }, "indicationAsWritten": "easeth the Toothach", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r11", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r13" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D014545", "label": "Urinary Calculi" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purgeth the Belly, helpeth to bring down Womens Courses, and is of especial use for those that are troubled with the falling down of the Mother, and pains therof and causeth an easie and speedy delivery of Women in Childbirth: it helpeth also to break and expel the Stone either in the Bladder or Kidneys", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey+wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r10" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D014545", "label": "Urinary Calculi" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purgeth the Belly, helpeth to bring down Womens Courses, and is of especial use for those that are troubled with the falling down of the Mother, and pains therof and causeth an easie and speedy delivery of Women in Childbirth: it helpeth also to break and expel the Stone either in the Bladder or Kidneys", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r12" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "any inward hurt or outward green Wound in the Head or Body wil quickly heal and close it up; as also any Veins or Sinews that are cut; and will draw forth any broken Bone, or Splinter, Thorn or other thing gotten into the Flesh", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|fresh|unknown|cold|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r14", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r17" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000329771", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "any inward hurt or outward green Wound in the Head or Body wil quickly heal and close it up; as also any Veins or Sinews that are cut; and will draw forth any broken Bone, or Splinter, Thorn or other thing gotten into the Flesh", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|unknown|cold|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:wood-betony:008#r15", "culpeper-1850:herbal:wood-betony:004#r18" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000588460", "indication": { "meshId": "D003085", "label": "Colic" }, "indicationAsWritten": "easeth the pains of the wind Chollick", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|warm|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:caraway:008#r05", "culpeper-1850:herbal:carraway:005#r05" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "34275806", "doi": null, "title": "Antispasmodic activity and mechanism of action of polyherbal formulation DCD-684 on rabbit jejunum.", "year": 2021, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "decoctions", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "mismatch", 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Ethanolic extract was prepared according to the method of Twaij et al. ( 1988 ). Plant powder (50 g) was added to 80% ethyl alcoh" }, { "pmid": "20817085", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.054", "title": "Ethno-veterinary uses and informants consensus factor of medicinal plants of Sariska region, Rajasthan, India.", "year": 2011, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "37046199", "doi": "10.2174/2772434418666230412105317", "title": "Investigation of Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic and Analgesic Activities of Citrullus colocynthis in Albino Rats through in vivo and Pharmacoinformatics Studies.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "acetone", "solventText": "acetone", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "fruit", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "mismatch", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "analgesic activity studies yeast and acetic acid were used to cause pyrexia or algesia respectively. Different doses of acetone fruit extract were used to treat inflammation pyrexia and algesia.\n\n2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1. Experimental Section " }, { "pmid": "28741853", "doi": "10.1002/pca.2710", "title": "Application of NIR Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS Regression for Quantification of Total Polyphenol Contents from the Fruit and Aerial Parts of Citrullus colocynthis.", "year": 2018, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "28741853", "doi": "10.1002/pca.2710", "title": "Application of NIR Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS Regression for Quantification of Total Polyphenol Contents from the Fruit and Aerial Parts of Citrullus colocynthis.", "year": 2018, "solvent": "hexane", "solventText": "n-hexane", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "28741853", "doi": "10.1002/pca.2710", "title": "Application of NIR Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS Regression for Quantification of Total Polyphenol Contents from the Fruit and Aerial Parts of Citrullus colocynthis.", "year": 2018, "solvent": "chloroform", "solventText": "chloroform", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", 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"solvent": "other", "solventText": "n-butanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 4, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000607845", "indication": { "meshId": "D007565", "label": "Jaundice" }, "indicationAsWritten": "jaundice", "historicalPreparation": "seed|unknown|honey+water|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c008:001#r03" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "23727184", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2013.05.044", "title": "Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants commonly used by local Bedouins in the Badia region of Jordan.", "year": 2013, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "28741853", "doi": "10.1002/pca.2710", "title": "Application of NIR Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS Regression for Quantification of Total Polyphenol Contents from the Fruit and Aerial Parts of Citrullus colocynthis.", "year": 2018, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", 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"unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "28741853", "doi": "10.1002/pca.2710", "title": "Application of NIR Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS Regression for Quantification of Total Polyphenol Contents from the Fruit and Aerial Parts of Citrullus colocynthis.", "year": 2018, "solvent": "other", "solventText": "n-butanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 2, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000607845", "indication": { "meshId": "D007674", "label": "Kidney Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "all diseases of the intestines, the kidneys, and the loins, as well as for paralysis", "historicalPreparation": "fruit|unknown|honey+water|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c008:001#r01" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "29236674", "doi": "10.1515/jcim-2017-0086", "title": "Citrullus colocynthis Linn. Fruit extract ameliorates cisplatin-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats.", "year": 2017, "solvent": "ethanol", "solventText": "ethanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "fruit", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "match", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "41088384", "doi": "10.1186/s13256-025-05542-2", "title": "Colocynth induced multiorgan toxicity: a case report.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "29038395", "doi": null, "title": "Acute Interstitial Nephritis Induced by Citrullus Colocynthis.", "year": 2017, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 2 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000607845", "indication": { "meshId": "D010243", "label": "Paralysis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "all diseases of the intestines, the kidneys, and the loins, as well as for paralysis", "historicalPreparation": "fruit|unknown|honey+water|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c008:001#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000607845", "indication": { "meshId": "D014086", "label": "Tooth Mobility" }, "indicationAsWritten": "strengthening loose teeth", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|vinegar|warm|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c008:002#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000621274", "indication": { "meshId": "D000038", "label": "Abscess" }, "indicationAsWritten": "disperses all tumours and gatherings", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c082:001#r03" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000621274", "indication": { "meshId": "D000038", "label": "Abscess" }, "indicationAsWritten": "disperses all tumours and gatherings", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|vinegar|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c082:001#r05" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000621274", "indication": { "meshId": "D005334", "label": "Fever" }, "indicationAsWritten": "tertian fevers", "historicalPreparation": "seed|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c082:001#r06" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "29974006", "doi": "10.1155/2018/9395052", "title": "An Ethnobotanical Study of the Medicinal Plants Used as Anti-Inflammatory Remedies in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka.", "year": 2018, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "27846856", "doi": "10.1186/s13002-016-0126-7", "title": "Ethno-medicinal survey of important plants practiced by indigenous community at Ladha subdivision, South Waziristan agency, Pakistan.", "year": 2016, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "tea", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "match", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": " the same threats. Current investigation recorded the recipes in the form drying and macerating into powder, boiling as tea, juicing and pulsation into paste are the common administration methods observed in the study area. (Table 2 ) [ 28 ]. " }, { "pmid": "26947900", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.039", "title": "Ethnopharmacological survey on medicinal plants used in herbal drinks among the traditional communities of Pakistan.", "year": 2016, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "decoctions", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "juice", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "35964822", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2022.115639", "title": "Anti-inflammatory effects of Pikad Tri-phol-sa-mut-than remedy, consisting of dried fruits of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa, Coriandrum sativum L., and Morinda citrifolia L.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "fruit", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "mismatch", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 2, "nUnknown": 2 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000621274", "indication": { "meshId": "D005334", "label": "Fever" }, "indicationAsWritten": "tertian fevers", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|cold|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c082:001#r07" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "29974006", "doi": "10.1155/2018/9395052", "title": "An Ethnobotanical Study of the Medicinal Plants Used as Anti-Inflammatory Remedies in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka.", "year": 2018, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "27846856", "doi": "10.1186/s13002-016-0126-7", "title": "Ethno-medicinal survey of important plants practiced by indigenous community at Ladha subdivision, South Waziristan agency, Pakistan.", "year": 2016, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "tea", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "mismatch", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": " the same threats. Current investigation recorded the recipes in the form drying and macerating into powder, boiling as tea, juicing and pulsation into paste are the common administration methods observed in the study area. (Table 2 ) [ 28 ]. " }, { "pmid": "26947900", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.039", "title": "Ethnopharmacological survey on medicinal plants used in herbal drinks among the traditional communities of Pakistan.", "year": 2016, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "decoctions", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "juice", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "mismatch", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "35964822", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2022.115639", "title": "Anti-inflammatory effects of Pikad Tri-phol-sa-mut-than remedy, consisting of dried fruits of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa, Coriandrum sativum L., and Morinda citrifolia L.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "fruit", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 2, "nUnknown": 2 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000621274", "indication": { "meshId": "D008599", "label": "Menstruation Disturbances" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the menstrual discharge will be retarded one day", "historicalPreparation": "seed|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c082:003#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000621274", "indication": { "meshId": "D012909", "label": "Snake Bites" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the sting of one kind of serpent, known as the amphisbæna", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c082:001#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000621274", "indication": { "meshId": "D012909", "label": "Snake Bites" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the sting of one kind of serpent, known as the amphisbæna", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c082:001#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000621274", "indication": { "meshId": "D014947", "label": "Wounds and Injuries" }, "indicationAsWritten": "other wounds, as well as for epinyctis and blisters", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c082:001#r02" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "39201676", "doi": "10.3390/ijms25168990", "title": "Burn Wound Healing Activity of Hydroxyethylcellulose Gels with Different Water Extracts Obtained from Various Medicinal Plants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Infected Rabbits.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "Water Extracts", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "cold", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "Burn Wound Healing Activity of Hydroxyethylcellulose Gels with Different Water Extracts Obtained from Various Medicinal Plants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Infected Rabbits.\n\n5. Materials and Methods Male rabbi" }, { "pmid": "39201676", "doi": "10.3390/ijms25168990", "title": "Burn Wound Healing Activity of Hydroxyethylcellulose Gels with Different Water Extracts Obtained from Various Medicinal Plants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Infected Rabbits.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "other", "solventText": "essential oil", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "a pleasant aroma of the plant from which it is obtained by steam. The smell is not very pronounced, unlike the aroma of essential oil, since water extract is a low-concentration product, but it has almost the same properties as the corresponding essenti" }, { "pmid": "39951927", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijotn.2025.101163", "title": "Efficacy of an Iranian herbal medicine formula for postoperative constipation in trauma patients with hip and lower limb fractures: A triple-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "28468251", "doi": "10.3390/ijms18050942", "title": "Rutin-Enriched Extract from Coriandrum sativum L. Ameliorates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic Injury.", "year": 2017, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "ethanol (30%", "ethanolFraction": 0.3, "heat": "warm", "part": "stem", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": " a fine power and passed through a 40-mesh sieve. This powered product (500 g) was submitted to extraction with aquaous ethanol (30%, 5 L) in a shaker at 60 °C for 2 h. The extract waste was filtered out and the solution was concentrated by a rotary ev" }, { "pmid": "28468251", "doi": "10.3390/ijms18050942", "title": "Rutin-Enriched Extract from Coriandrum sativum L. Ameliorates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic Injury.", "year": 2017, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "stem", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "alyzed using a gradient program, and the mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in water (solvent A) and HPLC grade methanol (solvent B). The gradient program consisted of: 5% B for 0 min, 95% B for 50 min, and 95% B for 60 min. The nebulizer g" } ], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 3 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000788844", "indication": { "meshId": "D001249", "label": "Asthma" }, "indicationAsWritten": "It quicken the Brain, for the Sun is exalted in V as well as he hath his House in SL it help Consumption of the Lungs, help difficulty of breathing: it is an excellent thing in Epidemical Diseases, as Pestilences, smal Pox, and Measles: It is a notable expulsive Medicine, and a notable Remedy for the yellow Jaundice", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:saffron:005#r01", "culpeper-1850:herbal:saffron:003#r01" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "23638288", "doi": null, "title": "A survey on saffron in major islamic traditional medicine books.", "year": 2013, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "21352900", "doi": "10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.02.037", "title": "Saffron extract and trans-crocetin inhibit glutamatergic synaptic transmission in rat cortical brain slices.", "year": 2011, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "hydro-ethanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "bark", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "34093515", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2021.585595", "title": "Safranal Alleviated OVA-Induced Asthma Model and Inhibits Mast Cell Activation.", "year": 2021, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "25050284", "doi": null, "title": "Preventive effects of hydroalcoholic extract of saffron on hematological parameters of experimental asthmatic rats.", "year": 2013, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "hydroalcoholic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "part", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "Preventive effects of hydroalcoholic extract of saffron on hematological parameters of experimental asthmatic rats.\n\nMaterials and Methods Plant material an" }, { "pmid": "39326816", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2024.118862", "title": "The suppressive effects of crocin from saffron on allergic airway inflammation through Drp1/Nfr1/Mfn2/Pgc1-alpha signaling pathway in mice.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "other", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "40163148", "doi": "10.1007/s00210-025-03943-0", "title": "Safranal restores RUNX3-mediated immunoregulation by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome in allergic asthma.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "other", "solventText": "essential oil", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "24175050", "doi": null, "title": "The Extract of Crocus sativus and Its Constituent Safranal, Affect Serum Levels of Endothelin and Total Protein in Sensitized Guinea Pigs.", "year": 2013, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "hydro-ethanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "cold", "part": "other", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "reserved in the Herbarium of the School of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (Herbarium No: 143-0319-1) . The hydro-ethanolic extract was prepared as follows: three grams of chopped C. sativus stigma were mixed with 50 ml ethanol 70% for 72 hr a" }, { "pmid": "25756352", "doi": "10.1002/ptr.5315", "title": "Safranal of Crocus sativus L. inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and attenuates asthma in a mouse model of asthma.", "year": 2015, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "25753844", "doi": "10.3109/08923973.2015.1021356", "title": "Anti-asthma potential of crocin and its effect on MAPK signaling pathway in a murine model of allergic airway disease.", "year": 2015, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "32628613", "doi": "10.2196/17580", "title": "Neural Network-Based Clinical Prediction System for Identifying the Clinical Effects of Saffron (Crocus sativus L) Supplement Therapy on Allergic Asthma: Model Evaluation Study.", "year": 2020, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "other", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "25050293", "doi": null, "title": "Hydroalcoholic extract of Crocus sativus effects on bronchial inflammatory cells in ovalbumin sensitized rats.", "year": 2013, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "Hydroalcoholic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "part", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "Hydroalcoholic extract of Crocus sativus effects on bronchial inflammatory cells in ovalbumin sensitized rats.\n\nMaterials and Methods " }, { "pmid": "39236778", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2024.118767", "title": "The preventive effectiveness of Crocus sativus extract in treating lung injuries caused by inhaled paraquat in rats.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "33105854", "doi": "10.3390/plants9111414", "title": "Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) 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}, "indicationAsWritten": "the heat and Inflamation in the Eyes", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|water|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "culpeper-1652:herbal:queen-of-the-meadows-meadow-sweet-or-mead-sweet:009#r00", "culpeper-1850:herbal:queen-of-the-meadows-meadow-sweet-or-mead-sweet:004#r07" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "27721054", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.015", "title": "In vitro and in vivo assessment of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) as anti-inflammatory agent.", "year": 2016, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "20017405", "doi": null, "title": 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"unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": " the plant secondary metabolites, three types of extracts were obtained from the cones of F. ulmaria and A. glutinosa : methanol by the Soxhlet method for 6 h (11 cycles), ethyl acetate by the Soxhlet method for 6 h (11 cycles) and purified water b" }, { "pmid": "36145820", "doi": "10.3390/plants11182415", "title": "Study of the Antioxidant Properties of Filipendula ulmaria and Alnus glutinosa.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "ethyl_acetate", "solventText": "ethyl acetate", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "leaf", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "racts were obtained from the cones of F. ulmaria and A. glutinosa : methanol by the Soxhlet method for 6 h (11 cycles), ethyl acetate by the Soxhlet method for 6 h (11 cycles) and purified water by maceration in a boiling water bath under reflux for 30 " }, { "pmid": "36145820", "doi": "10.3390/plants11182415", "title": "Study of the Antioxidant Properties of Filipendula ulmaria and Alnus glutinosa.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "boiling water", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "leaf", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "match", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "thod for 6 h (11 cycles), ethyl acetate by the Soxhlet method for 6 h (11 cycles) and purified water by maceration in a boiling water bath under reflux for 30 min, followed by a 10 min infusion (for A. glutinosa ) and a 70% ethanol maceration in a boili" }, { "pmid": "36145820", "doi": "10.3390/plants11182415", "title": "Study of the Antioxidant Properties of Filipendula ulmaria and Alnus glutinosa.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "70% ethanol", "ethanolFraction": 0.7, "heat": "boiled", "part": "leaf", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": " by maceration in a boiling water bath under reflux for 30 min, followed by a 10 min infusion (for A. glutinosa ) and a 70% ethanol maceration in a boiling water bath under reflux for 60–90 min. 4.4. Determination of the Total Yield of Extracts The to" }, { "pmid": "24969824", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.032", "title": "Role of human gut microbiota metabolism in the anti-inflammatory effect of traditionally used ellagitannin-rich plant materials.", "year": 2014, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "aqueous extracts", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "match", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "41756116", "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2025.1720314", "title": "Miquelianin and spiraeoside from Filipendula ulmaria mitigate α-synuclein accumulation in C.elegans and reduce the expression of neuroinflammatory cytokines in human microglia.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "60% aqueous ethanol", "ethanolFraction": 0.6, "heat": "warm", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "chwabe GmbH & Co KG. In brief, dried aerial parts of F. ulmaria milled to a particle size of ≥ 85% ≤ 4 mm were added to 60% aqueous ethanol (w/w) and submitted to a two-phase extraction process with 2 h extraction phases at 55 °C with a drug:solvent ratio of " }, { "pmid": "41756116", "doi": "10.3389/fphar.2025.1720314", "title": "Miquelianin and spiraeoside from Filipendula ulmaria mitigate α-synuclein accumulation in C.elegans and reduce the expression of neuroinflammatory cytokines in human microglia.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "aerial_parts", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and butan-1-ol, followed by Sephadex LH-20 and RP-18 chromatography and crystallization from methanol (25%). 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Extraction and Analysis of Nutmeg Essential Oils Essential oils of nutmeg seeds were used to remove the sulfur flavor of the extracts. Nutmeg seed powder was added to 1" } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 3, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D003288", "label": "Contusions" }, "indicationAsWritten": "bruises of recent date", "historicalPreparation": "other|unknown|honey|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:001#r09" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D003371", "label": "Cough" }, "indicationAsWritten": "a cough", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:001#r03" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "23935670", "doi": "10.1155/2013/636194", "title": "A review of the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of raphani semen.", "year": 2013, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "19070189", "doi": "10.3923/pjbs.2007.2241.2256", "title": "An ethnomedicinal survey and documentation of important medicinal folklore food phytonims of flora of Samahni valley, (Azad Kashmir) Pakistan.", "year": 2007, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "decoction", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D003863", "label": "Depression" }, "indicationAsWritten": "dropsy and lethargy, as well as epilepsy and melancholy", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|vinegar|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:002#r07" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "17923149", "doi": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.08.043", "title": "Excess lead alters growth, metabolism and translocation of certain nutrients in radish.", "year": 2008, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "28565004", "doi": "10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb02243.x", "title": "LIFETIME ESTIMATES OF BIPARENTAL INBREEDING DEPRESSION IN THE SELF-INCOMPATIBLE ANNUAL PLANT RAPHANUS SATIVUS.", "year": 1995, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "28480425", "doi": "10.21010/ajtcam.v14i3.15", "title": "BEHAVIORAL EVIDENCE OF ANTIDEPRESSANT-LIKE ACTIVITY OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS L. VAR. CAUDATUS IN MICE.", "year": 2017, "solvent": "ethanol", "solventText": "ethanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "part", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "RESSANT-LIKE ACTIVITY OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS L. VAR. CAUDATUS IN MICE.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Antidepressant potential of ethanolic extract of Raphanus caudatus L. was evaluated at three different doses 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg by using for" }, { "pmid": "33874284", "doi": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00469.x", "title": "Response of radish to multiple stresses: I. Physiological and growth responses to changes in ozone and nitrogen.", "year": 1990, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 1, "nUnknown": 3 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D003967", "label": "Diarrhea" }, "indicationAsWritten": "the iliac passion, and Plistonicus for the cœliac disease", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:002#r09" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D004231", "label": "Diuresis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purges the stomach, attenuates the phlegm, acts as a diuretic, and detaches the bilious secretions", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:001#r00" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "35804727", "doi": "10.3390/foods11131910", "title": "Anti-Inflammatory Food in Asthma Prepared from Combination of Raphanus sativus L., Allium hookeri, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum, and Dendropanax morbiferus Extracts via Bioassay-Guided Selection.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "other", "solventText": "Essential Oils", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "g an evaporator (N-1300EW; EYELA, Tokyo, Japan) in vacuo and stored at −70 °C. 2.1.2. Extraction and Analysis of Nutmeg Essential Oils Essential oils of nutmeg seeds were used to remove the sulfur flavor of the extracts. Nutmeg seed powder was added to 1" } ], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D004415", "label": "Dyspepsia" }, "indicationAsWritten": "purges the stomach, attenuates the phlegm, acts as a diuretic, and detaches the bilious secretions", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:001#r00" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D004427", "label": "Ear Diseases" }, "indicationAsWritten": "dulness of hearing", "historicalPreparation": "juice|unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:005#r01" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D004487", "label": "Edema" }, "indicationAsWritten": "dropsy and lethargy, as well as epilepsy and melancholy", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|vinegar|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:002#r07" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "38543055", "doi": "10.3390/ph17030269", "title": "Anti-Atopic Effect of Scutellaria baicalensis and Raphanus sativus on Atopic Dermatitis-like Lesions in Mice by Experimental Verification and Compound-Target Prediction.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "part" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "ed accurately, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. 4.8. HPLC A total of 100.00 mg of extract was dissolved in methanol to achieve a concentration of 50 mg/mL. Subsequently, the solution was filtered through a 0.2 μm PVDF membrane filter b" }, { "pmid": "33789748", "doi": "10.1186/s13223-021-00538-1", "title": "A case of hand urticaria, lip angioedema, and oropharyngeal pruritus induced by Japanese radish through IgE-mediated immediate allergic reaction.", "year": 2021, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "19070189", "doi": "10.3923/pjbs.2007.2241.2256", "title": "An ethnomedicinal survey and documentation of important medicinal folklore food phytonims of flora of Samahni valley, (Azad Kashmir) Pakistan.", "year": 2007, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "decoction", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "38336182", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2024.117851", "title": "Novel insights into the anti-asthmatic effect of Raphanus sativus L. (Raphani Semen): Targeting immune cells, inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress markers.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "leaf", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "mismatch", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null } ], "matchRate": { "value": 0.0, "nKnown": 3, "nUnknown": 1 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D004827", "label": "Epilepsy" }, "indicationAsWritten": "dropsy and lethargy, as well as epilepsy and melancholy", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|vinegar|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:002#r07" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D006373", "label": "Helminthiasis" }, "indicationAsWritten": "expel worms from the intestines", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|honey+vinegar|unknown|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:003#r02" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D006470", "label": "Hemorrhage" }, "indicationAsWritten": "persons troubled with spitting of blood, and to women who are suckling, for the purpose of increasing the milk", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:003#r04" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D006547", "label": "Hernia" }, "indicationAsWritten": "intestinal hernia", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|wine|boiled|unknown", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:003#r03" ], "studies": [], "matchRate": { "value": null, "nKnown": 0, "nUnknown": 0 } }, { "mock": false, "speciesId": "wfo-0000402430", "indication": { "meshId": "D007249", "label": "Inflammation" }, "indicationAsWritten": "inflammations under the skin", "historicalPreparation": "unknown|unknown|unknown|unknown|not_applicable", "historicalRecipeIds": [ "pliny-nh:b20:c013:001#r08" ], "studies": [ { "pmid": "32468499", "doi": "10.1007/s10753-020-01260-7", "title": "Alpha-Linolenic Acid Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice.", "year": 2020, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "34225619", "doi": "10.2174/1389201022666210702120956", "title": "Raphanus sativus Seeds Oil Arrested in vivo Inflammation and Angiogenesis through Down-regulation of TNF-α.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "39408990", "doi": "10.3390/ijms251910660", "title": "Immunostimulatory Activity of a Mixture of Platycodon grandiflorum, Pyrus serotine, Chaenomeles sinensis, and Raphanus sativus in RAW264.7 Macrophages.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "part", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "31592053", "doi": "10.3164/jcbn.19-11", "title": "Anti-obesity effects of α-cyclodextrin-stabilized 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate from daikon (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus) in mice.", "year": 2019, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "38336182", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2024.117851", "title": "Novel insights into the anti-asthmatic effect of Raphanus sativus L. (Raphani Semen): Targeting immune cells, inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress markers.", "year": 2024, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "leaf", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "31660146", "doi": "10.1002/fsn3.1200", "title": "Fermented black radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger) attenuates methionine and choline deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.", "year": 2019, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "36501112", "doi": "10.3390/nu14235082", "title": "Hepatoprotective Effects of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) on Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Damage via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.", "year": 2022, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "70 % ethanol", "ethanolFraction": 0.7, "heat": "cold", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "mismatch", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "pulverized using a grinder (IKA, M20, IKA, Staufen, Germany) to prepare the extract. Extraction was performed by adding 70 % ethanol 20 times to the crushed RG and RJ (2.5 kg), stirring at room temperature for 24 h (SMHS-6, DAIHAN Co., Wonju, Korea), a" }, { "pmid": "28190196", "doi": "10.1007/s00705-017-3270-z", "title": "Antiviral effects of extracts from Celosia cristata and Raphanus sativus roots against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus.", "year": 2017, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "33505935", "doi": "10.3746/pnf.2020.25.4.408", "title": "Inhibitory Effect of Black Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger) Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in the Mouse Monocyte/Macrophage-Like Cell Line RAW 264.7.", "year": 2020, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "70% ethanol", "ethanolFraction": 0.7, "heat": "cold", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "mismatch", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": " Jeju Province, Korea. Its roots (5,000 g) were cut into thin slices and extracted three times at room temperature with 70% ethanol (5,000 mL). The extracts were strained through filter paper, and the combined filtrate was evaporated at 42°C using a B" }, { "pmid": "41302134", "doi": "10.3390/life15111710", "title": "Phyto-Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Raphanus sativus (L.): Metabolomic Insights, Gastroprotective Potential, and Docking-Supported Evidence.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "ethanol", "solventText": "ethanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "mismatch", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "741); approval date: 25 November 2024). 2.2. Preparation of the Plant Extract Roots of R. sativus were homogenized with ethanol using a blender at a ratio of 100 g/L of ethanol, repeated three times. The extract was filtered and concentrated under" }, { "pmid": "41302134", "doi": "10.3390/life15111710", "title": "Phyto-Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Raphanus sativus (L.): Metabolomic Insights, Gastroprotective Potential, and Docking-Supported Evidence.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanol", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "mismatch", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "mple Preparation A quantity of 50 mg of the extract was mixed in 1 mL of reconstitution solvent, which comprised water, methanol, and acetonitrile in a ratio of (H 2 O:MeOH:ACN 50:25:25, v / v / v ) to prepare a stock solution. Then, the solution w" }, { "pmid": "41302134", "doi": "10.3390/life15111710", "title": "Phyto-Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Raphanus sativus (L.): Metabolomic Insights, Gastroprotective Potential, and Docking-Supported Evidence.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "hydroethanolic", "solventText": "hydroalcoholic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "mismatch", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "tivus roots as a natural reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent. One gram of the extract was dissolved in 100 mL of a hydroalcoholic solution and then mixed with 5 g of zinc acetate, which had been previously dissolved in bi-distilled water. The mixtur" }, { "pmid": "25467201", "doi": "10.1016/j.intimp.2014.11.001", "title": "Raphanus sativus L. seeds prevent LPS-stimulated inflammatory response through negative regulation of the p38 MAPK-NF-κB pathway.", "year": 2014, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "water extract", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "12410553", "doi": "10.1002/ptr.950", "title": "Effects of black radish root (Raphanus sativus L. var niger) on the colon mucosa in rats fed a fat rich diet.", "year": 2002, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "root", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "41876142", "doi": "10.1002/ptr.70282", "title": "Sulforaphene-Enriched Raphanus sativus L. Seed Extract Promotes Norepinephrine-Induced Thermogenesis and Weight Loss by Modulating the Interplay Between Adipocytes and Immune Cells in Adipose Tissue.", "year": 2026, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "24231071", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.003", "title": "4-Methylthio-butanyl derivatives from the seeds of Raphanus sativus and their biological evaluation on anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.", "year": 2014, "solvent": "methanol", "solventText": "methanolic", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "26721217", "doi": "10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.045", "title": "Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of the seeds of Raphanus sativus L. in experimental ulcerative colitis models.", "year": 2016, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "Water extract", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "seed", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "heat", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "41264167", "doi": "10.1007/s13258-025-01707-x", "title": "Integrated transcriptomic and 16S rRNA analyses reveal colon and brain barrier-preserving effects of red radish (Raphanus sativus L.) sprout supplementation in high-fat diet-fed mice.", "year": 2026, "solvent": "unknown", "solventText": "unknown", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "filtered": "unknown", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "unknown", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "unknown" }, "unknownFields": [ "solvent", "heat", "part", "freshOrDried", "filtered" ], "evidenceSource": "abstract", "methodsSnippet": null }, { "pmid": "41011216", "doi": "10.3390/ph18091347", "title": "Effect and Mechanism of Qihua Tongtiao Formula (QHTTF) on Improving Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders in ZDF Rats by Integrating Network Pharmacology, Metabolomics, and Biological Validation.", "year": 2025, "solvent": "water", "solventText": "decoctions", "ethanolFraction": null, "heat": "boiled", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "dried", "filtered": "yes", "match": { "solvent": "unknown", "heat": "unknown", "filtration": "mismatch", "part": "unknown", "freshOrDried": "unknown", "overall": "mismatch" }, "unknownFields": [ "part" ], "evidenceSource": "pmc_fulltext", "methodsSnippet": "armaceutical Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China) and used at a proportion of 5:4:4:3:3:3:2:2. All herbs were further prepared as decoctions, which were immersed in purified water for one hour, and boiled twice over medium and low heat. 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